What is the primary focus of an ultra low-cost carrier's business model?

An ultra low-cost carrier (ULCC) primarily focuses on minimizing operational costs to offer low fares. This business model is centered around cutting expenses associated with services that traditional airlines might provide, such as in-flight meals, extra legroom, and ticket flexibility. By focusing on cost reduction, ULCCs can pass these savings on to customers in the form of lower fares, thereby appealing to budget-conscious travelers.

The operating strategy of these carriers often includes charging additional fees for services that are typically included in the ticket price with full-service airlines. This can include charges for checked baggage, seat selection, and other in-flight services. As a result, ULCCs prioritize essential services while avoiding additional costs, enabling them to remain competitive in an industry where price sensitivity is a key factor for many travelers.