The correct identification of "injurious actions" under the Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA) pertains specifically to actions that directly harm or discriminate against individuals with disabilities. Refusal of service to a person with a disability unequivocally falls into this category, as it denies equal access and opportunity, which the ACAA seeks to protect against. This anti-discrimination principle is foundational to the Act, ensuring that individuals with disabilities can utilize air travel services without facing barriers.
Other options, such as providing extra assistance to all passengers, ensuring accessibility, and offering discounts, align with principles of support and inclusivity. They do not represent actions that could cause harm or disadvantage to passengers with disabilities, thereby distinguishing them from injurious actions defined by the ACAA. Understanding the core intent of the ACAA is crucial—as it emphasizes the elimination of unfair treatment and promoting accessibility, making refusal of service an antithesis to these objectives.